| Stibine |
| Image:Stibine.png |
| General |
| Systematic name |
Stibane |
| Other names |
Antimony trihydride |
| Molecular formula |
SbH3 |
| Molar mass |
124.784 g/mol |
| Appearance |
colourless gas |
| CAS number |
[7803-52-3] |
| Properties |
| Density and phase |
5.48 g/l, gas |
| Solubility (water) |
Insoluble |
| Melting point |
-88 °C |
| Boiling point |
-17 °C |
| Basicity (pKb) |
? |
| Structure |
| Molecular shape |
pyramidal |
| Dipole moment |
? D |
| Hazards |
| MSDS |
External MSDS |
| EU classification |
Harmful (Xn)
Dangerous for
the environment (N) |
| NFPA 704 |
|
| R-phrases |
R20/22, R50/53 |
| S-phrases |
S2, S61 |
| Flash point |
flammable gas |
| Supplementary data page |
Structure and
properties |
n, εr, etc. |
Thermodynamic
data |
Phase behaviour
Solid, liquid, gas |
| Spectral data |
UV, IR, NMR, MS |
| Related compounds |
| Related hydrides |
Ammonia
Phosphine
Arsine |
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for
materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
|
Stibine is a colourless gas formed by the reaction of certain antimony compounds with water or reducing agents. It is unstable with respect to its elements, and decomposes slowly at room temperature or rapidly at 200°C: the decomposition is autocatalytic and can be explosive. Stibine is readily oxidized to water and antimony trioxide.
Uses
Stibine is used in the electronics industry to deposit small quantities of antimony by chemical vapour deposition (CVD).
Safety
Stibine is a flammable gas which can form explosive mixtures with air. It is highly toxic, with a LC50 of 100 ppm in mice.
Toxicology
- For the toxicology of other antimony compounds, see Antimony trioxide.
The toxicity of stibine is distinct from that of other antimony compounds, but similar to that of arsine. Stibine binds to the haemaglobin of red blood cells, causing them to be destroyed by the body. Most cases of stibine poisoning have been accompanied by arsine poisoning, although animal studies indicate that their toxicities are equivalent. The first signs of exposure, which can take several hours to become apparent, are headches, vertigo and nausea, followed by the syptoms of haemolytic anaemia (high levels of unconjugated bilirubin), haemaglobinuria and nephropathy.
Bibliography
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité (INRS), Fiche toxicologique nº 202 : Trihydrure d'antimoine, 1992.
External links
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