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Aluminum Sulfate
Alluminum Sulfate
How To Aluminum



Aluminium sulfate

Aluminium sulfate
Aluminium sulfate hexadecahydrate
General
Systematic name Aluminium sulfate
hexadecahydrate
Other names Cake alum
Filter alum
Papermaker's alum
alumogenite
Aluminum sulfate
Aluminium sulphate
Molecular formula Al2(SO4)3·16H2O
Molar mass 630.40 g/mol
Appearance white crystalline solid
CAS number [16828-11-8]
EINECS number 233-135-0
Properties
Density and phase 2.71 g/cm3, solid
Solubility in water 31.3 g/100 ml (0 °C)
In ethanol Slightly soluble (anh.)
Insoluble (hydrate)
Melting point 770°C decomp.
Structure
Coordination geometry  ?
Crystal structure monoclinic (hydrate)
Safety data
PEL-TWA (OSHA)
RTECS number BD1700000
Supplementary data page
Structure & properties n, εr, etc.
Thermodynamic data Phase behaviour
Solid, liquid, gas
Spectral data UV, IR, NMR, MS
Related compounds
Other cations Gallium sulfate
Magnesium sulfate
Related compounds See Alum
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for
materials in their standard state (at 25°C, 100 kPa)

Aluminium sulfate is a widely used industrial chemical. It is sometimes incorrectly referred to as alum, as it is closely related to this group of compounds. It occurs naturally as the mineral alunogenite. It is frequently used in the purification of drinking water supplies, and also in paper manufacturing.

Aluminium sulfate is rarely, if ever, encountered as the anhydrous salt. It forms a number of different hydrates, of which the hexadecahydrate is the most common.

It can also be very effective at killing Spanish slugs.

Contents

Preparation

Aluminium sulfate may be made by dissolving aluminium hydroxide, Al(OH)3, in sulfuric acid, H2SO4:

2Al(OH)3 + 3H2SO4 + 10H2O → Al2(SO4)3·16H2O

Uses

Aluminium is used in water purification and as a mordant in dyeing and printing textiles. In water purification, it adsorbs impurities which are removed as the particulate settles to the bottom of the container.

When dissolved in a large amount of neutral or slightly-alkaline water, aluminium sulfate produces a gelatinous precipitate of aluminium hydroxide, Al(OH)3. In dyeing and printing cloth, the gelatinous precipitate helps the dye adhere to the clothing fibers by rendering the pigment insoluble.

Aluminium sulfate is the active ingredient of some anti-perspirants; however, beginning in 2005 the US Food and Drug Administration no longer recognized it as a wetness reducer.

It is also used in styptic pencils.

See also

  • Camelford, a town in Cornwall (UK) where the local water supplies were accidentally contaminated with aluminium sulfate.

References

  • Pauling, Linus (1970). General Chemistry, W.H. Freeman: San Francisco. ISBN 0-486-65622-5

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